By Dr. Jim Dahle, WCI FounderI wrote this shortly after I made the primary catch-up contributions of my life. Sure, I am that previous now. However there are a number of adjustments with catch-up contributions beginning in 2025, so it appeared like an excellent time to cowl the entire topic broadly.
Catch-up contributions are slightly bit foolish. I imply, anyone can save as a lot as they need for retirement at any age in a taxable account. There aren’t any limitations. All a catch-up contribution does is let you get slightly extra tax, property planning, and asset safety advantages in your portfolio since slightly extra of your financial savings goes into tax-advantaged accounts and rather less goes right into a non-qualified taxable brokerage account. It appears these catch-up legal guidelines introduce pointless complexity to our already too-complex system, however I am not going to look a present horse within the mouth.
IRA Catch-Up Contributions
The IRA catch-up contribution in 2025 is $1,000, because it has been for a while. It may be made to both a conventional or a Roth IRA (assuming you’re allowed to contribute instantly) as early as the start of the yr through which you flip 50. In 2025, the IRA contribution for somebody beneath 50 is $7,000. For somebody over 50, it is $8,000. Fairly easy.
401(okay) and 403(b) Catch-Up Contributions
For a 401(okay) or 403(b), catch-up contributions for 2025 are $7,500. This extra contribution is added to the “worker deferral” contribution restrict, which is $23,500 in 2025. Just like the IRA contribution, it begins the yr you flip age 50. In case you’re beneath 50, you may contribute $23,500 to your Roth or tax-deferred 401(okay) or 403(b). In case you’re 50+, you may contribute $31,000. Word that “worker deferral” doesn’t simply imply tax-deferred contributions. They are often tax-deferred or Roth.
A number of 401(okay)s
You probably have earnings from unrelated employers (together with your self as a self-employed individual), you may contribute to a couple of 401(okay), every with its personal 415(c) restrict of $70,000 in 2025. The catch-up contribution is along with that 415(c) restrict, so you could possibly put $77,500 into one 401(okay). Nevertheless, like the worker deferral restrict, you solely get one catch-up contribution, irrespective of what number of 401(okay)s you could possibly use. In case you have been eligible for 2, you (collectively along with your employers) might put not more than $77,500 into one in every of them and $70,000 into the opposite. Word that 403(b)s and solo 401(okay)s share the identical 415(c) restrict.
Extra info right here:
A number of 401(okay) Guidelines – What to Do with A number of 401(okay) Accounts
The New Catch-Up Contribution for Savers in Their Early 60s
In case you flip 60-63 in 2025, you aren’t restricted to a catch-up contribution restrict of simply $7,500 to your 401(okay) or 403(b). You might be eligible for a better catch-up contribution of $11,250 as an alternative, elevating the whole quantity that may go into one 401(okay) or 403(b) to $81,250 as an alternative of simply $70,000 or $77,500 in 2025. This was a part of Safe Act 2.0. After age 63, you return to the $7,500 restrict. There are additionally further catch-up contributions at these ages for 457(b)s and SIMPLE IRAs (see under).
No, I don’t know why Congress thought these ages have been so particular, however that is what was in Safe Act 2.0. Hey politicians, approach so as to add complexity.
The Particular (15-Yr) 403(b) Catch-Up Contribution
You probably have labored for a similar qualifying employer (public college system, hospital, house well being service company, well being and welfare service company, church, or affiliation of church buildings) for at the very least 15 years, you can also make an extra catch-up contribution of the lesser of:
- $3,000,
- $15,000, lowered by the quantity of further elective deferrals made in prior years due to this rule, or
- $5,000 instances the variety of the worker’s years of service for the group, minus the whole elective deferrals made for earlier years.
Wow. That is complicated, nevertheless it’s not more than $3,000 for 5 years, so it is $15,000 whole. Word that that is along with the additional $7,500 catch-up, though even that needs to be particularly allowed by the plan.
SEP-IRA Catch-Up Contributions
Sorry, there is not any such factor. Another reason to make use of a solo 401(okay) as an alternative of a SEP-IRA. Catch-up contributions solely apply to worker deferrals, and there are none in a SEP-IRA.
SIMPLE IRA and SIMPLE 401(okay) Catch-Up Contributions
Caught with a SIMPLE IRA as a result of your employer hates you (otherwise you simply have a small observe the place it is smart since you’re the one one saving a lot for retirement)? You get a catch-up contribution, too. It is $3,500 in case you flip 50-59 in 2025 for a complete worker deferral restrict of $20,000. In case you’re ages 60-63, although, it is $5,250 for a complete of $21,750. Word that SIMPLE IRAs have an odd rule that enables the whole contribution to be larger if the employer so elects. That further quantity is the lesser of 10% of compensation or $5,000. This isn’t a catch-up contribution however a unusual side of SIMPLE accounts.
457(b) Catch-Up Contributions
You thought 403(b) catch-up contributions have been complicated? You have not seen something but. With a 457(b), your plan can provide two separate sorts of catch-up contributions. The primary is a $7,500 catch-up much like that of a 401(okay) or 403(b) for individuals who are 50+. In case you’re 60-63, that is $11,250, not $7,500, similar to 401(okay)s and 403(b)s. The second sort of catch-up is a “particular” catch-up contribution that’s allowed for 3 years previous to the “regular retirement age specified within the plan” (and your plan might let you decide this quantity) the place the lesser of
- The elective deferral restrict ($23,500 in 2025), principally doubling your contribution quantity or
- That very same fundamental annual restrict plus the quantity of the fundamental restrict not utilized in prior years (of these final three)
could be contributed. Nevertheless, the second choice will not be allowed if the plan additionally presents the age 50+ $7,500 catch-up, which most do. Confused but? I am not shocked. Possibly simply ask HR what your most contribution is. However it looks as if it truly is a “catch-up” of contributions you did not make within the first one or two of these final three years.
Extra info right here:
Why You Ought to Max Out Your Retirement Accounts
Roth Catch-Up Contributions (2026)
One other catch-up contribution rule that begins in 2026 is that catch-up contributions for top earners (>$145,000 adjusted for inflation in wages) MUST be Roth contributions whereas beforehand (and nonetheless for low earners) they are often tax-deferred or Roth. It will apply to age 50+ catch-up contributions for 401(okay)s, 403(b)s, and 457(b)s however not SIMPLE plans. Initially, this was supposed to enter impact for 2024 however was (most likely correctly) delayed to permit extra time for plans to adjust to the legislation.
HSA Catch-Up Contributions
HSA catch-up contributions begin at age 55, not age 50. Like IRAs, the quantity is $1,000 further, irrespective of whether or not you are utilizing a single-person HSA or a household HSA. In 2025, the whole contribution for somebody who turns 55 this yr is $5,300 (single) or $9,550 (household). Word that simply because your partner is 55+ too, you may’t put an additional $1,000 into your HSA for them. They must have their very own HSA to make their very own catch-up contribution. Thus, when the second partner turns 55, it might make sense to open a second HSA of their title. Despite the fact that the whole common contribution would be the identical (even when one mum or dad has a toddler on their plan, too), the whole together with the catch-up contributions could be $1,000 larger. It is a kind of instances when further complexity does have slightly bit extra profit.
Catch-up contribution guidelines could be complicated, however they’re value studying about for any tax-advantaged accounts for which you’re eligible.
What do you suppose? What catch-up contributions are you making the most of this yr?
