Avenue parking was already scarce in Hoboken, New Jersey, when the loss of life of an aged pedestrian spurred metropolis leaders to take away much more areas in a bid to finish site visitors fatalities.
For seven years now, town of almost 60,000 individuals has reported resounding success: Not a single vehicle occupant, bicyclist or pedestrian has died in a site visitors crash since January 2017, elevating Hoboken as a nationwide mannequin for roadway security.
Mayor Ravi Bhalla was a Metropolis Council member in 2015 when a van struck 89-year-old Agnes Accera as she crossed Washington Avenue within the bustling downtown enterprise district. Bhalla didn’t know Accera however attended her wake and mentioned her loss of life impressed him to push for higher security.
“I felt it wasn’t acceptable,” Bhalla mentioned. “Our seniors, who we owe the best responsibility of security to, ought to have the ability to move that road as safely as doable. For her to really be killed was a set off that we wanted to take motion.”
Bhalla turned mayor in 2018 and town totally dedicated to Imaginative and prescient Zero: a set of tips adopted by quite a few cities, states and nations searching for to get rid of site visitors deaths. Proponents imagine no accident is actually unavoidable and even need to cast off the phrase “accident” altogether when describing roadway fatalities.
Sweden originated the idea greater than a quarter-century in the past, and U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg touted Hoboken in 2022 when asserting his division would observe Imaginative and prescient Zero tips. Main U.S. cities together with New York, Minneapolis, San Francisco, Baltimore and Portland, Oregon, have built-in elements of this system into their security plans, together with at the very least some type of daylighting, the time period for the elimination of parking areas close to intersections to enhance visibility.
Hoboken’s success has chipped away on the notion that reaching zero site visitors deaths is extra aspirational than achievable.
“That objective is clearly daring,” mentioned Leah Shahum, founder and director of the Imaginative and prescient Zero Community, a nonprofit advocating for road security. “It’s additionally meant to assist us form of shake off the complacency that we’ve had for too lengthy that site visitors deaths are inevitable, that what we’re experiencing as we speak is simply an unlucky and unavailable byproduct of contemporary society. That’s not the case.”
Whereas Hoboken’s plan has quite a few parts, together with decrease pace limits and staggered site visitors lights, daylighting is usually credited as one of many largest causes its fatalities have dropped to zero.
Ryan Sharp, town’s transportation director, mentioned when roads must be repaved, Hoboken takes the extra step of cordoning off the road corners to widen curbs and shorten crosswalks. It’s already unlawful to park at an intersection in Hoboken, however drivers typically do anyway if there aren’t bodily limitations.
Among the new concrete buildings are outfitted with bike racks, benches and even rain backyard planters that assist take in stormwater runoff. If there isn’t sufficient cash for an infrastructure answer straight away, town places up momentary bollards.
“There actually isn’t a silver bullet or any magic, progressive factor the place we’ve cracked a code,” Sharp mentioned. “Our strategy has been extra about specializing in the basics. We’ve created a program the place we’re layering these items in 12 months after 12 months.”
However eradicating parking from a spot the place it’s in brief provide has critics.
Joe Picolli, who opened Hoboken Barber Store on Washington Avenue in 2018, mentioned the curb extensions — or bumpouts — have made it troublesome for downtown retailers to win again enterprise misplaced in the course of the pandemic.
“Earlier than the bumpouts, there have been much more buses, much more automobiles, much more parking,” mentioned Picolli, who lives in Level Nice, New Jersey, and typically has to path road sweepers to seek out parking. “It’s good so far as individuals strolling on the road, nevertheless it’s unhealthy since you’re not getting the move from different cities.”
Though a bit bigger than its Mile Sq. Metropolis nickname would indicate, Hoboken ranks fourth nationwide in inhabitants density, trailing three different New Jersey cities and two spots forward of New York, based on 2022 census knowledge.
Whereas the compact footprint means everyone seems to be inside vary of public transit, automobiles nonetheless crowd the foremost streets and curbsides.
“We’re not New York Metropolis, however we’re not a suburb, both,” mentioned Tammy Peng, who has lived in Hoboken for greater than 15 years. “We’re form of a bizarre in between. A number of households hold a automotive as a result of they need to run errands on the weekend, however Monday to Friday they’re commuting into town.”
Whereas daylighting barely lengthens her journeys to soccer apply or the grocery retailer, Peng mentioned it’s a lot simpler to identify pedestrians crossing the road.
General fatality numbers have remained largely unchanged since New York joined the Imaginative and prescient Zero motion in 2014 with a plan that included widening some curbs. Mayor Eric Adams boosted town’s dedication in November by promising to sunlight 1,000 intersections every year.
Some cities have even used the apply to beautify their downtowns. Baltimore employed artists to brighten up curb extensions with geometric shapes and vibrant colours.
States are embracing daylighting as effectively. Greater than 40 had enacted some kind of daylighting legislation when California’s Legislature accepted a brand new statewide rule in 2023 that prohibits parking inside 20 ft (6 meters) of an intersection. Cities can set shorter distances with proof their plans are secure. Violators began receiving warnings in January and face fines starting early subsequent 12 months.
Assemblymember Alex Lee, who authored California’s laws, mentioned he was troubled by the truth that his state’s site visitors fatalities had been even larger than the nationwide common, with round 1,100 pedestrians killed in each 2021 and 2022. Deaths had been recorded at an analogous tempo by way of the primary six months of 2023.
Though cities within the nation’s most populous state vary from behemoth metropolises to sparsely populated rural communities, Lee figured a statewide commonplace would get rid of any confusion. The one factor higher, he contends, can be a nationwide commonplace.
“Simply as I assume in each state you’ll be able to’t park in entrance of a hearth hydrant or can’t park near the practice monitor, it needs to be the identical whether or not you’re in California or Nebraska,” Lee mentioned.
Stefanie Seskin, director of coverage and apply on the Nationwide Affiliation of Metropolis Transportation Officers, mentioned indicators are nice, however not almost as efficient as infrastructure adjustments.
“It actually takes a subsequent stage of chutzpah for a driver to park on a curb extension than it does to park the place an indication says ‘please don’t,’” Seskin mentioned.
Jeff Speck, creator of the e-book “Walkable Metropolis,” which makes the case for pedestrian-friendly downtowns, commends cities like Hoboken for bettering visibility at intersections. Nevertheless, he mentioned some communities go too far by taking away too many parking areas with out including bodily limitations, creating broad “sight triangles” resulting in elevated rushing.
“What numerous cities have completed is overreacted to the laudable objective of daylighting and positioned outsized no-parking zones round each driveway and curb minimize,” Speck mentioned. “That’s counterproductive.”
In 2012, Seattle was one of many first main U.S. cities to pursue zero site visitors deaths. Mike McGinn, the mayor on the time, mentioned he needed to recalibrate the general public’s expectation of highway security to make it extra akin to their ideas on airplane security, the place no fatality is taken into account acceptable.
Why, he asks, ought to downtown areas the place individuals work, store, or attend leisure occasions should accept a decrease commonplace?
“That is actually the simplest actual property that needs to be given over to security,” mentioned McGinn, now government director of the pedestrian advocacy group America Walks. “It’s low-hanging fruit.”